Democracy – Essay

That is to say we want to analyze the meaning of democracy and its efferent forms, study its efficiency (so to say), ponder over its limitations and compare It to other forms of government. Whether democracy was conceived of In Athens, Sparta or India Is not a topic of Interest In this paper (although there may be references to historical events In the evolution of the Idea when pertinent). What does democracy mean? Democracy comes from the Greek â€Å"rule of the people†. But as I searched for a definition of democracy in the course of research for this paper, a consistent deflation of it seemed to elude me.So we must examine some of these definitions ND try to find a core to the idea of democracy, if there exists one. Bunch of different ideas and quotes are out thro on internet †¦ Put about 4-5 of them here and discuss if them from a current or historical perspective.. Vive written down one for u: â€Å"The right to dissent without repercussions to one's personal well- being is the core value of Democracy' * Nathan Shrank Discuss quotes such as this to evaluate how these Ideas are Implemented In practice.. All this should take up about 500 words..The only core value seems to be people get to elect their government.. How much of he peoples rights are respected after that greatly varies.. Forms of democracy Representative.. Constitutes parliamentary and liberal(most democracies are these) Constitutional Direct Socialist Totalitarian .. Discuss all these†¦ About 300 words.. A critique of democracy An illusion â€Å"There was no stone-pelting, nothing. There was no curfew They fired indiscriminately. † (http://www. Lengthened. Co. UK/news/world/salsa/Kashmir-burns- again-as-India-responds-to-dullest-Walt-violence-2045905. HTML).The above was said by Abdul Rasher, a Kashmir youth whose friend was gunned down by Indian army officials for holding a peaceful, nonviolent, anti-government rally in the summer of 2010 But tons was not an anomaly I n ten process AT democracy In IANAL . Kashmir still remains the most militaries zone in the world with about a half a million troops on active duty (for the sake of comparison, the United States had about 165,000 troops in Iraq at its peak)(I read these fugues on CIA. Gob.. I don't remember the exact link ). How is that a government for the people is killing its own citizens for holding a nonviolent demonstration?How is such a huge implementation of a province in a democracy justified? Even a basic understanding of the ideas of freedom and liberty that democracy entails shows how abhorrent these actions are. But these things happen, not Just in India, but in other developed counties like the United States Pansies Americans in 1942), where the rights of their citizens are violated Just when they would want to exercise them. So one must ask, are democracies really for the people? A study of history of government brutality in countries like India and the United States seem to suggest o therwise. The almost forceful takeaway of land by theIndian government in eastern India from farmers (actions which directly led to the Nasality-Moist insurgency, something the current prime minister of India called â€Å"the single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by our country. â€Å"( http:// www. Ploughshares. Ca/libraries/Execrate/CAR-Lillian. HTML)), seem to suggest otherwise. The locking up of Japanese Americans in internment camps in 1942 by Franklin Roosevelt and the Unites States government seem to suggest otherwise. The indiscriminate shooting of unarmed, nonviolent Kashmir youths (some as young as 9 ears old)shouting â€Å"Acadia! Said! â€Å"(â€Å"freedom! Freedom! â€Å") by Indian security officials seem to suggest otherwise. One gets the idea. So maybe people like Vilified Parent and Agitate Masc. are correct after all. The masses are always characterized by apathy and division, the powers to be by drive and unity (Femme, Joseph V. â€Å"Agains t the Masses†, Oxford 2001). Maybe all democracy does is shift the power scale, from domination by a despotic leader to manipulation by a democratic government. Maybe the people don't really have much of a say after all. Maybe it's Just an illusion.Majority rule Majority always gets its way.. Discuss gay rights.. Civil rights in us.. Women's rights historically.. Religious parties like ship seen in Iambi.. Rising intolerance of secularism in India.. Majority rule can get tyrannical and the minority issues ignored when people get to decide resolutions to minority issues. The irrational voter â€Å"The best argument against democracy is a five minute conversation with the average voter. † – Winston Churchill Talk about how the common man is largely ignorant about serious issues and hence can vote against his/her interests.. An greatly discuss the recent midterms in us to make this point†¦ Basically our saying if we must solve economic issues we talk to economi st.. If we must solve environmental issues we talk to climate scientists.. If we are talking bat what to teach in science class we take the consensus of scientist not what the common people of the state think (talk bat teaching creationism in schools.. A lot of states in us have majority of it people wanting creationism be taught as science even though almost no scientist believe it to be science)†¦ Not everything should be up for a vote†¦..Economically inefficient Our a better person to write bat this Idealistic now Its Nora to apply macerate principles In practice†¦ Corrupt officials.. Apathetic citizens.. Uprisings etc.. Instable Frequent elections make the government instable†¦ Castillo of examples on the internet bat this.. Best we have? â€Å"It has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all the others that have been tried. â€Å"- Winston Churchill Compare democracy to other forms of governments like dictatorships, communist stat es, anarchist, socialist,etc.. Define ND discuss each with respect to western liberal democracy.. Eve done some of it for anarchist Anarchist – Anarchists are those who advocate the absence of the state, arguing that common sense would allow people to come together in agreement to form a functional society allowing for the participants to freely develop their own sense of morality, ethics or principled behavior. (from wisped). One such current society is Somalia, and it would not be hyperbole to suggest they are not doing very well. The lack of a state and police have led to nationwide lawlessness, violence and parallel the country into utter chaos.I think Somalia really characterizes the severe consequences of not having a state and is not a direction one would want their country to go in. Giving people all the power has resulted in the most powerful and the most brutal of them to take power and the rest of people losing all freedom(ironically). Conclusion/reflections Every form of government has been deemed the best by its people at its peak of popularity (the soviets considered socialism to be the best form of government until the collapse of USSR). Democracy might be the best we have, but not the best we could do.It needs to evolve as times and conditions change. When fissures arise in its implications, they must be aptly addressed instead of wallowing in the supposed preferences of democracy by saying things like â€Å"Hey, its the best we have†. But most of all people need to realize that the power that comes with democracy is not a privilege, it's a duty that must be exercised to give it any real meaning. People need to understand the violent convulsions the state of things have gone through so they ay live in a democracy, it is not something to be taken for granted.People need to substitute their subservience with an exertion of their hard won independence. But I must confess, all the above paragraph may Just be an empty howl to the tamed and the satisfied population that constitutes most modern democracies. We may have already fulfilled Aloud Huxley prophecy of us becoming a trivial culture, drowning in a sea of irrelevance (Brave new world-aloud Huxley). So even as gays are treated as second class citizens and young gay teens are committing suicide by significant embers, Americans are more busy voting for the next American idol than care for Prop 8.Even as corruption and immorality in Indian politics continues to eat away at the nations very fabric of the nation, its citizens are preoccupied with arguing about the squad that was picked for the Indian cricket team's next tour of wherever and pondering which Plywood movie must they see next. Hence, for all of Lemon's passionate singing about power to the people, the hard truth might Just be that the people don't want power, they want pleasure, and therein lies the inherent flaw of democracy.

What Positive Steps

If you ask anybody what positive steps will you take to tackle climate change? Moreover everyone's answer would be â€Å"What will happen if only I start taking positive steps to tackle climate change? First let someone start then I will also start;† Friends this is wrong. To start anything the steps should be taken by us but we will wait till others start and others do the same. What's the first thing that comes in your mind when you hear about climate change? Answer is Global Warming or Rising Temperature.Global warming is one of the main reasons of climate change. Rising sea level, drought and Increasing temperature are the cause of climate change. And the one who suffers It are we and nature. And the main reason for it is human activities. What positive steps can you take to tackle climate change? There are many ways to do so like using renewable resources, using solar light, windmill, etc. The first way Is very simple and easy. The way Is traveling small distances by cycl e instead of scooter/car. These reduce the use of forest fuel like terror which is getting lesser and lesser day by day.We should also save petrol for future generations. We can also travel by public transport. Traveling by public transport could reduce the use of fuel by individual four or two wheelers. Some people feel uncomfortable in public transport. The recent launched car/bus by which run on hydrogen rather than petrol is also one way. The second thing I or we can do is save energy in the form of electricity. Day by day energy resources are getting scarce. The thing you or I can do is finish your work in daytime when there is natural eight given by sun, so there Is less use of artificial light.Another thing that we can do Is when there Is no need of electric appliances Like computer, bulbs, lights, fans, T. V. ‘s etc. Just don't forget to turn It off. Also In summer at night when you go to sleep Just open the windows rather than turning on the A. C. ‘s, so there I s natural air, electricity is conserved and pollution of air by A. C. Will not happen. The next boy is, to use 3 magical Or's. Reuse, Reduce and Recycle. They are the most common topics when we start talking about climate change. 1. ReuseReuse the thing which you have used once like plastic, bottles, plastic bags, glass bottles, etc. These are the materials which are very harmful to the climate. 2. Reduce Reduce the use of non- biographer waste like things made up of plastic. They take 100 of years to decompose. In the dump yard they Just burn it to finish it up. By burning It very poisonous smoke is formed which can harm the climate and human beings. 3. Recycle After using the things once never throw It If It can be recycled. We can put things Like bottle in the bottle bank. NAS into save-a-can and give paper to the person who ND I can take is the one most people in the word have ignored. That is being vegetarian. Friends, at least we can be vegetarian we could reduce 51% of greenh ouse gases. The step is weird and simple but very powerful. Going vegetarian indirectly reduce deforestation. Non-vegetarian people are the cause of 1/3rd deforestation of grass in the word. They cut forest for grazing animals and to make them health in order to produce good meat. Meat industry produces more carbon dioxide then all word's cars and rare planes.Also being vegetarian could expand our fife by 15 years, and could protect us from diseases like Swine Flu and Bird Flu. In you and l, some people are farmers. So the next point is for them. People which are farmers amongst ‘us' should use. New methods of irrigation by which the use of water would become less and also should take interest in soil conservation for growing good crops and not letting a place become drought affected by making embankments, dress and forestation. So readers think that we should not wait for anyone to get on, instead we take a real step forward to save our mother planet.

Max Hamburger Essay

History- Established in 1968, Max was the first burger fast food chain in Sweden. Their founders Curt Bergfors and Britta Anderson opened their first restaurant in Gallivare, high up in the northern part of Sweden. Max is a second generation family owned company run by the sons of founder Curt Bergfors. The name Max stems from founder’s nickname. The founder, Curt Bergfors is still active in the company as Chairman of Board, and family still owns 1000 percent of the company. Richard Bergfors is the company’s President and Christoffer Bergfors is the Vice President. Market Analysis 2007 was the year when Max took a good hard look at themselves, in terms of climate change. After hearing the reports of how global warming is affecting their planet, Max started thinking on how to make a change? Max realized that they were part of problem but they also want to be part of solution. Max conducted a climate inventory that also included their suppliers. In assistance with the Natural Step and U&W, Max analyzed the entire production chain. The direct climate impacts were analyzed using the Greenhouse Gas Protocol, which also forms the basis for international ISO standards, 14. 065. The analysis included energy consumption in buildings, transports, packaging, and the climate impacts from each respective ingredient. In food production the main contributors to the greenhouse effect are carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. They soon realized that that in their business, the meat in their hamburgers was the greatest source of the emissions.

Operations Management & Quantitative Techniques Research Paper

Operations Management & Quantitative Techniques - Research Paper Example Realco has not overpromised, actually they have under promised as the amounts carried forward keep accumulating as the week’s progress. This has the risk of loss as unnecessary stock may be in store for unexplained reasons. What Realco should do is to update the numbers of the promised orders so that the remaining inventory number can at least go down for the sake of savings in terms of costs. With increased orders, again the revenue of the company may also increase drastically. Jack’s approach to order promising is the Capable to Promise (CTP) approach whose function includes capacity constraint issues in the calculation and hence it can be integrated together with the production scheduling, manufacturing as well as transfer and purchase planning. In our case, it is integrated together with production brought forward, production and the remaining inventory and its model is based upon the model that is chosen from the capacity-scheduling engine. The program has the adva ntage of having the ability of responding to â€Å"what if† scenarios. He program is able to make calculations of inventory and no bound orders through a calculation of the earliest dates when such items can be available, or when they can be transferred from another place. The main disadvantages are that the system is quite lean and hence slow when it comes to making order promising. It also leads to the accumulation of inventory which may be detrimental to the organization in terms of foreseeable losses hence should be avoided. The program is quite separate from the order promising system calling for unification for smooth operations (Connelly & Hoel, 2010). Formal master scheduling technique will be applicable due to its nature of creating stability and responsiveness. It would therefore improve the process through enhanced clarity by way of organization and reporting of relationships within the company. It will also aid in understanding of the product, which bread, the man ufacturing and purchase process as well as planning and control. It brings with it a formal job description that brings along details of responsibility and performance measurements. Finally, the formal master scheduler has the ability of promptly responding to feedbacks through identification of areas where it influences material or capacity availability (Fraser, Murphy & Bunting, 2003). The organizational changes, which will be required to ensure this system comes in include; the establishment of performance measures and the proactive use of root-cause analysis to identify areas, which require improvements. There will also be a change in the policies, processes and procedures for the sake of modernizing the systems. Following on question 2, is neither worse nor good, this is because refusing customers orders upfront has the impact of chasing away the customer upfront and no business is ready to lose a client since they are what makes it

Inventory control Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Inventory control - Assignment Example the three wines, Safety Stock cost makes up for the smallest portion of the total cost while procurement costs and Carrying cost make up for the largest portion. The procurement cost is highest for wine 2A-b and lowest for wine 2A-a. The Carrying cost is highest for wine 2A-b and lowest for wine 2A-a.The Safety stock cost is highest for wine 2A-c and lowest for wine 2A-b.The stock-out cost is highest for wine 2A-c and lowest for wine 2A-b. The Total cost is highest for wine 2A-c and lowest for wine 2A-a. 2. Ordering the mean demand is not a wise move because that may not be the most feasible quantity. It may be more or less than the EOQ and therefore lead to higher costs. For example, in the mean demand for the three wines is 256, 180 and 20 while the EOQ has different values. Orders are placed in all the months apart from April, June and August. In the months orders are placed, the orders are of 193 bottles except in December when the order is for 256 bottles. The Total cost is $1,683.75. 2. Ordering costs are the same for all the three alternatives. Carrying costs are highest under the 2% discount alternative while they are lowest under the 1% discount alternative. The 2% alternative also has the highest total cost while the 1% has the lowest total cost. Atkinsons, C., 2005. Advanced Economic Order Quantity. Inventory Management Review, (Online) 2 November. Available at (Accessed 7 June

Protocols and Policy to Secure Software Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Protocols and Policy to Secure Software - Essay Example This invasion is done for the express purpose of taking advantage of the weaknesses that can be found in the software by the hacker and is usually done for monetary gain (Vacca, 2009). There are a number of measures that have been taken as a result to try and prevent this sort of interference by hackers and a number of cyber security standards have been developed with the aim of improving the level of protection that is available to this market. Cyber Security Standards Cyber security standards can be defined as the various established standards of security that have been set up by a number of bodies involved in the computer industry to assist organizations in the practice of safe techniques regarding security so as to reduce the number of successful attacks on their cyber security systems and if possible negate them altogether (Kontoghiorghes, 2006). The latter aim may prove to be difficult as hackers have become adept at countering the various measures that have been set up to keep them out and thus it considered to be a continuous process whereby weaknesses are identified, exploited and then fixed and improved by the organizations. The security standards have however have gone a long way in improving the level of security that is practiced by organizations and can be said to have provided guidelines on the best way to protect one’s company form cyber security attacks. These standards provide organizations with certain techniques and outlines that they can implement to enhance their cyber security. Some certain standards offer organizations that have been able to successfully implement the outlines and techniques that they have set out official cyber security certification that shows the company’s achievements. The certification is done by an accredited body that looks into the company before deciding whether they have reached the required level of success in their implementation to acquire the certification (Sipser, 2006). This certification ho lds a number of advantages for organizations that are able to acquire it such as enabling the company to easily acquire insurance policies on cyber security (Wong & Yeung, 2009). This is especially important in today’s technology market considering the high number of hacking incidents that take place on an almost daily basis and the sizable economic risk that comes with the potential of successful hacking attempts (Sipser, 2006). The loss of information can lead to a huge hit on an organization’s financial status and thus insurance on this risk has become a necessary endeavor for many large organizations. Popular Cyber Security Standards There are various standards that are available to organizations but some of the more popular cyber security standards include; ISO 27002 This can be considered to be a high standards guide to achieving cyber security for organizations and can be said to be the most popular cyber security standards that is currently available in the mar ket (Kontoghiorghes, 2006). The standard actually incorporates parts of BS 7799 good

Your book identifies five factors that contribute to the growth of Essay

Your book identifies five factors that contribute to the growth of tourism. Discuss these trends and how they have become more relevant or less relevant in our current world situation - Essay Example Since the dual income family trend is increasing, the demand for tourism destinations is also increasing. The latter will increase the supply of tourism in the next few decades, which is good for the tourism industry. Unlike a few decades ago, travel has become more dynamic. Travel options for the disabled, the elderly and the able bodied has been increasingly receiving attention. As welfare associations pressure, air companies support disabled travelling amenities and they provide traveling options for the elderly. Improving travelling conditions is important to the tourism industry since the market range increases exponentially (Silva & Howard, 2006). Tourism industries nowadays accommodate all people interested in visiting different sites due to good travel amenities. It involves commissioning a company to cater for all the tour needs of related tourists. The company picks the site, caters for accommodation and organizes the activities. All the latter activities are done at a lower price, and they attract more tourists (Silva & Howard, 2006). Package tours help save money hence their relevance in the current world and economy is evident. Most people relate to the internet due to evolution of technology. It is easier to pick tourism sites and book the means of travel out of the comfort of one’s home. Eliminating the stress associated with queuing and doing things manually in a digital world makes the internet a relevant aspect in the current world (Silva & Howard, 2006). It is an aspect that almost everybody can associate with and maneuver, hence it will be relevant for a long time to

Management information system BD 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Management information system BD 1 - Essay Example According to research, there are four strategies for competitive advantage namely cost leadership, differentiation, Low-Cost focus and differentiation focus. Cost leadership entails a business being the cheapest provider of products while differentiation is about provision of unique products. Low cost focus resembles cost leadership with the difference being that it focuses on a niche market. Differentiation focus resembles low cost focus but also includes marketing a product in some unique way. Payoneer Inc. applies low cost focus and differentiation in promoting its competitive advantage. Low cost focus is performed through offering the cheapest transactional charges for global transactions. With differentiation, the company provides MasterCard services which very few banking companies in the world offer. On the other hand, Nokia Inc. applies low cost focus to deliver phone repair services and differentiation focus through provision of unique windows phones (Khosrowpour, 2006). Through the different application of technological approaches both Nokia and Payoneer have become globally recognized companies. Possible Payoneer possibilities of security breach and computer crimes include fraudulent use of MasterCard while Nokia faces that of hacking into their online systems (Sarlak & Hastiani,

Are American students grossly unprepared for college Statistics Project

Are American students grossly unprepared for college - Statistics Project Example to answer the question what fraction of first year students enrolled in all higher learning institutions between 1999/2000 and 2003/2004 and the fraction that was reported to take remedial courses (Dina 10). Besides, the researchers are trying to find out the reasons behind their course of action. The target population is the fresh undergraduates that are first year students being enrolled in private and public institutions. This is the same population the author is trying to draw conclusion from based on various characteristics. The sample in the study is a section of the first year and fourth year students in the higher learning institutions. The sample is not a representative of the population because it did not consider the continuing students. There are differences according to the control and level of the institution, according to selectivity of the institution, student characteristics, and differences by the degree program or the study field in regard to the remedial course taking in higher institute of learning. There were notable four distinctions in the proportion of undergraduates who got enrolled in remedial courses for every academic year. The researcher found that based on the reports of students for remedial courses in the study there was proof that the rate of remedial courses being taken by students might have gone down since 1999/2000. This might not be a logical conclusion given that the variables used were not exhausted. Hence causal conclusion cannot be taken. However, this is a valid conclusion based on the research design. The results can be used by the institutions and the ministry of education to seek the best policies to adopt in the higher education course programs. The statistical analyses that were used to draw conclusion for the study include: establishment of statistical variance and standard deviation. This was conducted from the information that was collected over telephone and interviews of the population sample which is the

Greece Police Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Greece Police - Essay Example This paper will analyze policing in Greece with a focus on the Hellenic police. The Hellenic Police is a government agency that was formed in 1984 with the merging of the Urban Police Forces (Astynomia Poleon) and the Gendarmerie (Chorofylaki) (Hellenic Police 2014). As would generally be expected, the agency is charged with enforcing law and order. In relation to this, the mission of the police force in Greece is to see to it that peace prevails in the country and that citizens enjoy unhindered social development. Its other mission is to interdict criminals, prevent crime, protect the state and ensure that a democratic government oversees the functioning of the state (Hellenic Police 2014). In general, the Hellenic police conduct function related to general policing and traffic safety in line with the stipulates of the constitution. The police force falls within the of the Ministry of Interior. In this respect, the Ministry directs schedules monitors and oversees the activities of the police force as noted by the Hellenic Police (2014). Figure 1 shows the logo of the Hellenic Police Force. Members of the police force are trained in line with a curriculum prescribed by the Ministry of Interior. Based on the training and the functions that they are mandated to perform, members of the police force in many occasions have to bear with risks as they endeavor to prevent crime and attend to the public’s demands in different situations. The force commonly relies on advanced training, technology, and cooperation with other bodies to deal with situations that they commonly face (Interpol 2014; Hellenic Police 2014).  

The Continuum from Legitimacy to Fraud Research Paper - 1

The Continuum from Legitimacy to Fraud - Research Paper Example Though there are extensive accounting rules and policies to control and monitor the books of accounts or financial statements, yet some amount of flexibility or freedom is allowed. In accounting, freedom of choice is necessary to increase the efficiency of the accounting procedures However if companies want to use such methodologies for manipulating or inflating their earnings, then they can do so using creative accounting methods (Loughrey, 2011, p. 225). Earning management is a critical part of financial accounting because it provides information to the users of financial statements for interpreting and deriving conclusion about the performance of the company. Creative accounting practices are such malpractices in accounting which may be legal and in accordance with the existing standards but may not be in line with the true spirits of the rules laid down under accounting standards. In other words, when financial statements are prepared by the relevant managers of a company that is inconsistent with the purpose or intention of the existing accounting standards, then it is said to be a practice of creative accounting. ... counting one can use their discretion to choose their own preferred way of recording sales or turnover of the company, the method of depreciation to be used by the company, the method of valuation of inventory, etc. This type of flexibility helps the managers of a company to represent the true and fair view of the company’s affairs and its earnings in the financial statements. Account Management: Accounting policies can be utilized by the managers of a company to accomplish the objectives of the management of the company and may not fulfil the essential requirements of the users. It can thus be used as a tool that can be managed and not as a means to provide true and fair view of the company. Interests of Managers: In theory, accounting information should provide relevant information to the users which can be used by them for various decision making process. Whereas in practice, earning management is more for the interest of managers rather than for the benefit of its users. B rief Literature Review Earnings management is a term which acts as a substitute for creative accounting. Trying to manipulate the earnings which are reported by the managers of a company, by taking help of some specific accounting process, is termed as earnings management. The company does so to influence its earnings in a short-term horizon (Coenen, 2009). Earnings management makes use of accrual accounting. However, the main issue regarding this is that it becomes very difficult to differentiate between regular accrual accounting and earnings management (Larcker, & Tayan, 2011, p. 164). Now since management has discretion in earnings management, it can lead to fraudulent activities like wrong representation of data in the financial statements.  

Gun politics Essay Example for Free

Gun politics Essay This family was a victim of a problem they could have avoided-a problem that, according to Florida park rangers, hundreds of visitors suffer each year. Several times a month, ranger Rod Torres of OLeno State Park said, people get scared and leave the park in the middle of the night. Those people picked the wrong kind of park to visit. Not that there was anything wrong with the park: The hikers camped next to them loved the wild isolation of it. But it just wasnt the kind of place the couple from New Jersey had in mind when they decided to camp out on this trip through Florida. Here is an example of a student model answer of an Expository Essay from The Write Source:Did you know that 7 out of 10 students have cheated at least once in the past year? Did you know that 50 percent of those students have cheated more than twice? These shocking statistics are from a survey of 9,000 U.S. high school students.Incredibly, teachers may even be encouraging their students to cheat! Last year at a school in Detroit, teachers allegedly provided their students with answers to statewide standard tests.Here is an another example of an expository essay. This example comes from Essay Start:Throughout history and through a cross-section of cultures, women have transformed their appearance to conform to a beauty ideal. Ancient Chinese aristocrats bound their feet as a show of femininity; American and European women in the 1800s cinched in their waists so tightly, some suffered internal damage; in some African cultures women continue to wear plates in their lower lips, continually stretching the skin to receive plates of larger size. The North American ideal of beauty has continually focussed on womens bodies: the tiny waist of the Victorian period, the boyish figure in vogue during the flapper era, and the voluptuous curves that were the measure of beauty between the 1930s and 1950s. Current standards emphasize a toned, slender look, one that exudes fitness, youth, and health. According to psychologist Eva Szekely, Having to be attractive at this time . . . means unequivocally having to be thin. In North America today, thinness is a precondition for being perceived by others and oneself as healthy (19). However, this relentless pursuit of thinness is not just an example of women trying to look their best, it is also a struggle for control, acceptance and success. Finally, here are excerpts from argumentative essays: Gun control has been a controversial issue for years. A vast majority of citizens believe that if gun control is strictly enforced it would quickly reduce the threat of crime. Many innocent people feel they have the right to bear arms for protection, or even for the pleasure of hunting. These people are penalized for protecting their lives, or even for enjoying a common, innocent sport. To enforce gun control throughout the nation means violating a persons Constitutional rights. Although some people feel that the issue of gun control will limit crime, the issue should not exist due to the fact that guns are necessary for self defense against crime, and by enforcing gun control is violating a citizen’s second amendment right to bear arms. Another examples of an argumentative essay comes from Bogazici University:Throw out the bottles and boxes of drugs in your house. A new theory suggests that medicine could be bad for your health, which should at leastcome as good news to people who cannot afford to buy expensive medicine. However, it is a blow to the medicine industry, and an evenbigger blow to our confidence in the progress of science. This new theory argues that healing is at our fingertips: we can be healthy by doing Reikion on a regular basis. On Essay By Example, on the other hand, the sample argumentative essay addresses online games and socialization: Online games arent just a diversion, but a unique way to meet other people. As millions of gamers demonstrate, playing online is about friendship and cooperation, not just killing monsters. These games are a viable social network because players focus on teamwork, form groups with like-minded people and have romantic relationships with other players. Massively-Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) feature millions of players interacting in the same environment. The games are social in nature as they allow players to band together and complete missions based on a story line, or test their skills by fighting against each other. At the start of the game, the user creates a fictional character, and customizes its physical appearance. Since many games involve combat, players also outfit their characters with armor and weapons, as well as choose their profession. Many popular game titles like World of Warcraft and Everquest follow a fantasy theme, so most professions have magical abilities like healing other players or raising undead minions. While the process seems simple, players may spend hours agonizing over the perfect look for their character, from their armor color to the type of  skills to use in battle. Once their character is created, the player is free to explore the vast, digital world and interact with other players; however they must pay on average $15 a month for game content. MMOG users are mostly male usually between the ages of 18-34 although titles like World of Warcraft have a healthy population of female players as well. With millions of players, there are plenty of people to adventure with. The key to learning to write a good essay is to read and study other essays and then practice, practice, rewrite and practice some more

Helicopter Toy Parts and Material Analysis

Helicopter Toy Parts and Material Analysis Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Selection Process of Suitable Materials 3. Potential Failure of Product 4. Sustainable Engineering Aspects of Selected Materials 5. Practical materials evaluation Helicopter Base Heli Pipe Helicopter Case Helicopter Rotor 6. Conclusion 7. References 1. Introduction Now-a-days all over the world use of technology has been increased more than demands. In all aspects technology is surrounded us. Such use of technology comes from the concept of automation. To automate the communication system in the air helicopter connects the era to a new technological world. Helicopter has made the communication easier than before. It is used even the security purpose recently. Helicopter mainly is used in the defense sector of a country. But today at every university is taking advanced step to do research on helicopter. Helicopter toy is used to do aerodynamic research in university laboratories. Drone is the latest recent research of helicopter. â€Å"Everything should be automated† that is the motive of people of every sphere. Complexity of parts selection increases with the demands of them. To select the appropriate parts for a product implementation one is to take so many risks and hazards. It is not easy to choose quality products to be implemented. Quality product selection process enhances full process of the product implementation. New research demands new types of parts to buy for latest technology. Latest technology expands the way to do research more in the advanced level. 2. Selection Process of Suitable Materials Before running a project or product we need to select appropriate materials that are available and appropriate for our design and design implementation. Some points need to be remembered before buying parts such as costs, availability, acceptability, material properties, environment friendly or not, stressing capability etc. Depending on these properties product is designed and shows performance. The best the quality of material the best the performance of the product. Performance evaluation completely depends on these properties. For designing a helicopter the following parts are needed for basic functioning. Such as body, blade, blade shaft, fans, case, rotor, heli base, heli pipe etc. These parts are made of aluminum, plastic, carbon fiber, fiber glass etc. All the parts are available at stores. All the parts are bought separately from the near able and reliable stores and then assembled. After complete assembling a helicopter gets ready. After doing that rotating parts are set. The machine code need to be embedded and make the helicopter ready to fly. Maximum helicopter runs with remote control. If it happens then a remote control need to be bought with higher performance and radio frequency quality. If the remote control efficiency degrades then helicopter will not be operated from remote distance. Remote control contains some area embedded on the board. The left portion controls the collective control and right side button controls the cyclic controls. It also contains throttle stick, direction stick, left and right trims buttons etc. 3. Potential Failure of Product Some critical moments rises after buying the materials. The parts do not show their performances perfectly according to their specifications. Like, for helicopter, a rotor does not rotate according to the code embedded. This occurs because of the temperature or other natural effects. If any product says it is 100% efficient it shows 80-90% efficiency in reality. Some deviation happens each time. Calculations should be done considering these unavoidable issues. Potential failure contains the metal fatigue and creep and their effects. When fatigue occur the metal get weakened and metal stress capability is lessened. Frequent loading and unloading cause fatigue to the metal properties. Fatigue depends on some other natural criteria such as temperature, humidity and metal stress. The stress tolerance capability of metal indicates the longevity. High stress tolerance let the metals to be lasted for more time. Steadiness of materials provides services to the developed products. Another effect of failure or damage is creep of metal. Creep stands for deformation. Deformation of particles inside the metal depicts in the microscopic view. 4. Sustainable Engineering Aspects of Selected Materials At the time of choosing materials for design engineering value should be added to this design. Engineering term increases the value of products. Engineering terms introduce a product with technical aspects. Every materials/parts should be technically evaluated. Technical evaluation makes the product acceptance to all. If a product meets the technical specification perfectly then the product is good for use. Technical specification depicts the product life cycle at once. Having higher product development life cycle lasting for long times. Sustainability aspects of engineering contain four types of aspects. These are very suitable for a design a product and its implementation. These are Development process aspect defines sustainability of a process of product development at initial level. It considers the usage not only of natural but also financial resources. Maintenance process aspect defines the sustainability of product during its maintenance time. It occurs until the new system replacement. System production aspect is the sustainability of product as a real product. System usage aspect is the sustainability in the application level of a product as a real life product. 5. Practical materials evaluation Helicopter Base For better performance of helicopter base material should be strong and stress free. Corrosion is a real enemy of any metal substance. Base should be designed like a helicopter can land easily and comfortably. For this design magnesium and aluminum has been selected. The total substance of the heli base is a mixture of Magnesium and Aluminum. Where the percentage of Aluminum is 2.38% and Magnesium is 97.62% in the aspect of weight. The table showing the percentage of Aluminum and Magnesium is given below: Heli Base Material List Heli Pipe Heli pipe is very important portion of helicopter development. It stands with the heli rotor. It helps rotor to move smoothly and swiftly. Helicopter Case Helicopter case is for carrying the helicopter equipment together. All the equipment can be settled here. The case may be made of aluminum, fiber, plastic or steel. Table for case of helicopter Helicopter Rotor Heli rotor is the part that rotates and helps the helicopter to move upward. It rotates horizontally. It depends on the aerodynamic effects. The rotor consists of spider, blade, slider, pitch control rod, mast, damper, scissors assy, extension rod etc. The rotor moves not only horizontally but also vertically. It functions with the decentralized force to move. Using this feature it move left, right, up and down direction. From the above table it is clear a comparison has been done with Nr = 3 and Nr = 4. Column 2 stands for Nr3 and column 3 stands for Nr 4. Column 3 S0 value is less than column 4 where, W value upto Fmax is greater than column 4. 6. Conclusion As helicopter is used frequently in the university researches its parts should be used more carefully. Doped materials can be harmful for product performance and evaluation. Aero dynamic calculation should be done very carefully with technical evaluation because if there is an unwanted occurrence from nature the product will face failure permanently. This should be in mind. 7. References Budiyono, T. Sudyanto, H. Lesmana (2008), First Principle Approach to Modeling of Small Scale Helicopter J. Gordon Leishman, Second Publish (2006), Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics Al-Oqla, F.M. and Dweiri, F.(2006), Material selection using analytical hierarchy process, International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology, vol.26, no.4, pp.182-189 Ashby, M.F. and Johnson, K.(2010), Materials and Design: The Art and Science of Material Selection in Product Design, 2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann Ashby, M.F.(2005), Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, MRS Bulletin, vol.30, no.12, pp.994-997 Ashby, M.F. and Cebon, D.(1993), Materials selection in mechanical design, Journal of Physics, vol.3, no.C7, pp.C7-1- C7-9 Bijker, W.E.(1997), Of Bicycles, Bakelites, and Bulbs: Toward a Theory of Sociotechnical Change, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press Boks, C. and Diehl, J.C.(2006), Integration of sustainability in regular courses: experiences in industrial design engineering, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol.14, no.9-11, pp.932-939 Lemaitre, J. and Desmorat, R.(2005), Engineering Damage Mechanics: Ductile, Creep, Fatigue and Brittle Failures, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Miller, W.S., Bottema, J., Zhuang, L., Smet. P.D. and Haszler, A.(2000), Recent development in aluminium alloys for the automotive industry, Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol.280, no.1, pp.37-49 Gareth D. Padfield, 2008, Helicopter Flight Dynamics, Page 75 Alastair Cooke, Eric Fitzpatrick, 2009, Helicopter Test and Evaluation, page 268 www.cis.cornell.edu/ics/compsust-org/compsust12/papers/24.pdf 1 | Page

Microprocessor based robotics arm

Microprocessor based robotics arm Abstract Robotic arm has become popular in the world of robotics. The essential part of the robotic arm is a programmable microprocessor. The microprocessor based brick capable of driving basically three stepper motors design to form an anthropomorphic structure. The first design was for experimental use on a human-size industrial robot arm called PUMA 560 which stands for Programmable Universal Machine for Assembly. This human size robot was used to explore issues in versatile object handling and compliance control in grasp actions it was done in Bejczy city in the Jan, 1986. This paper explains the method of interfacing the robotic arm stepper motors with the programmed 8051-based microprocessor which are used to process and control the robot operations. We have employed the assembly language in programming our microcontroller of the microprocessor. A sample robot which can grab by magnetizing and release small objects by demagnetizing is built for demonstrating the method explained. 1. Introduction A robotic arm is a robot manipulator which is programmable and its functions are almost similar to that of human arm. The links of such a manipulator are connected by joints allowing either rotational motion or translational displacement. Kinematic chain can be formed by the links of the manipulator. The business end of the kinematic chain of the manipulator is called the end effecter and it is analogous to the human hand. The end effecter can be designed to perform any desired task such as welding, gripping, spinning etc., depending on the application. The robot arms can be autonomous or controlled manually and can be used to perform a variety of tasks with great accuracy. The robotic arm can be fixed or mobile (i.e. wheeled) in the nature and can be designed for industrial or home applications. 2. Robotic Arm The word robotics, the meaning and the study of robots was done by a famous foreign scientist Isaac Asimov. Robotics is a branch which involves elements of mechanical and electrical engineering in it, as well as control theory, computing and now artificial intelligence in it by which we can implement it in the different fields. According to the Robot Institute of America, â€Å"A robot is a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks†. The way in which we are going to use robotic term in the form of arm is called as robotics arm. In order to perform any useful task the robot must interface with the environment, which may comprise feeding devices, other robots, and most importantly people. As the robot with which we are going to deal with work as arm and is therefore known as robotic arm 3. Types Of Robotic Arm There are various kinds of the robotic arm available in the market for the different tasks these are as follows. i. Cartesian Robot / Gantry Robot. ii. Cylindrical Robot. iii. Spherical Robot / Polar Robot. iv. SCARA Robot. v. Articulated Robot. vi. Parallel Robot. 4. Block Diagram For Robotic Arm The method employed in designing and construction of the robotic arm is based upon the operational characteristics and features of the microcontrollers of the microprocessor, stepper motors, the electronic circuit diagram and most importantly the programming of the microcontroller of the microprocessor and mainly the stepper motors. This work is able to successfully accomplish the defined functionality means it defines all the functions of the robotic arm. A sample robot which can rotate, magnetize an object, lower and raise its arm, by being controlled by the 8051 microcontroller of a microprocessor is built successfully and it was named as robotic arm. The 8051-development board is soldered and it used the required procedure for the correct operation of the controller. The 8051 development board has been interfaced to the stepper motors such that the anthropomorphic like structure can be controlled from the buttons at the base of the structure which is robotic arm. These buttons help to control the whole system of the robotic arm. These four buttons have the uncommon task from each other which is explained as follows. On/Off The ON button puts on the system while the OFF button puts off the system. This is only the task allotted to them just to ON and to OFF the robotic arm. Start/Stop The START button starts the initial movement of the whole arm from its reset point, while the STOP button takes the arm back to its reset button after completion of its movement applied for the required task. Right-Left/Left-Right When this button is switched to the RIGHT-LEFT part it causes movement from right to left, while the LEFT-RIGHT part causes movement from left to right. It is used only for the right and left movement. Rotation Of 180/90 When the button is on 180, it causes a rotation of 180 degree of the base stepper motor, but when put on 90 degrees, it causes rotation of 90 degrees. It means it is used for the 90 and 180 degree rotations. 5. Mechanical Structure Of The Arm For the construction of any kind of the robot we must have any kind of the idea over which we have to work for its construction. Same is the case of the robotic arm for its construction we need its mechanical structure. In constructing our robotic arm, we made use of three stepper motors and gears since our structure is a three dimensional structure. A typical prototype that we employed for the construction of our robotic arm. There is a stepper motor at the base of the arm, which is used for circular movement of the whole structure for the easiness of the task; another stepper is at the shoulder which allows for upward and downward movement of the arm again used according to the task given to the robotic arm; while the last stepper motor is used at the wrist which allows for the picking of objects by the magnetic hand. 6. Robotic Arm Design Process It includes various points related to the designing of the microprocessor based robotics arm. All those points which explain them are as follows: Defining The Problem i. Identifying the purpose of a construction. ii. Identifying specific requirements. A community wants to construct a robotic arm. Design and build a prototype device which could satisfy this need. Design and build a prototype device which could satisfy this need. You need to determine what problem you are trying to solve before you attempt to design and build a robotic arm to solve a problem. Researching And Designing i. Gathering information. ii. Identifying specific details of the design which must be satisfied. iii. Identifying possible and alternative design solutions. iv. Planning and designing an appropriate structure which includes drawings. Creating A Prototype i. Testing the design. ii. Troubleshooting the design. Building Your Robot Construction work can now begin. Here are some sites that help with: i. Structure. ii. Gear combinations. iii. Arm mechanisms. iv. Placing sensors. v. Hints and tricks. vi. The Art of LEGO Design by Fred Martin an excellent resource for building very strong structures. Programming And Testing Your Robot Now it is time to program your robot. This can be achieved in many different ways. Use can achieve rudimentary intelligence in your robot by using only relays, potentiometers, bump switches and some discrete components. You can increase complexity in intelligence in your robot by adding more sensors and continuing in the same vein of using hardwired logic. By introducing a more sophisticated control element, the microprocessor, you introduce a significant new tool in solving the robot control problem. Evaluating Your Robot i. Evaluate the design. ii. Evaluate the planning process. As building and programming work progresses, and the design begins to take shape, you will automatically carry out tests on the design. You will also need to complete systems tests at various stages of the construction. If any of the tests show that you have failure in a joint, or that part of your structure is not meeting specifications, then you will have to make modifications in your plan. When building and programming is complete, the entire project must be tested to see if it does the job for which it was designed. An evaluation needs to then be written. This should be a statement outlining the strengths and weaknesses in your design. It should describe where you have succeeded and where you have failed to achieve the aims set out in the specifications. 7. Overall Arm Design The two arms used both have six degrees of freedom, and are mounted on the humanoid robot cog. The arms are mirror image of one another. The kinematics of the arm is designed to be similar as that of the human arm. There are two joints each at shoulder, elbow and wrist although the axis of the first elbow joint is coincident with the co-axes of the shoulder joints. The arms has length same as that of the length of the human arm. 8. Market Applications Of Robotics Arm Applications of robotic arm are very effective in the market world. There are various fields where there is a deemed need of the robotic arm these can be explained as follows. Automotive Robotic arm can be used in different ways in the automotive field. i. Power train Control ii. Body Electronics iii. Driver Information Systems iv. Chassis v. Safety vi. Automotive Networking Consumer Robotic arm can be used in different ways in the consumers. i. Mobile Consumer Electronics ii. Home Electronics Industrial Robotic arm can be used in different ways in the industrial field. i. Factory Automation ii. Building Control iii. Metering iv. Medical v. Point of Sale/Kiosks vi. Home Appliances Medical Robotic arm can be used in different ways in the medical field. i. Home Portable ii. Diagnostics and Therapy iii. Imaging iv. Intelligent Hospitals Networking Robotic arm can be used in different ways in the networking field. i. Network Security ii. Home and SOHO Networking iii. Network Storage 9. Future-Scope The scope of this work for manufacturing of robotics arm involves confirming the 8051 micro-controller of microprocessor. Input/output (I/O) signals are compatible with that of the robotic arm stepper motors and testing of the robots motor signals through programming the 8051 microcontroller of the microprocessor. Assembly programming is used to develop the programs for the EPROM 2732 on the 8051 micro-controller of the microprocessor platform that takes robots motor signal as I/O and controls the robot operation programmatically. We have assumed that after figuring out the interface issues for the Robot with the 8051 microcontroller, the same knowledge can be extended to make very complex robots with enhanced functionality. With the technique used in the manufacturing of the robotic arm we can also make other robots for the different tasks. Conclusion Finally from this topic we can conclude a robotic arm is an instrument by means of which we can do any kind of the task and use it in the way in which manner we want to solve the task. The controlling software used in this robotic arm can be general for any kind of robot arm and set of sensors. This paper introduces a set of design principles which seek to reduce robotic applications design and implementation time so reducing the errors present in any practical implementation as well. Experiments show that the solution presented in this paper, although its limitations, allow the robotic applications designer to save development time while keeping the overall complexity low. There exists open-source applications which handle similar problems but they are not well fitted for small control applications. We have learnt that because of limitations in the programming language used to develop the application and the final application itself is highly sensitive to implementation issues. Also , to completely verify the design principles it would be necessary to evaluate the effort required to design a control application for multiple and heterogeneous platforms. Acknowledgement I thank GOD almighty for guiding me throughout the term paper. I would like to thank all those who have contributed to the completion of the term paper and helped me with valuable suggestions for improvement. I am extremely grateful to Mr. JAGDEEP SINGH, Department of ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS, for providing me with best facilities and atmosphere for the creative work guidance and encouragement. I thank all my friends for extending their cooperation during my term paper. Above all I would like to thank my parents without whose blessings; I would not have been able to accomplish my goal. References The references for the term paper given to me are as follows: www.robotics.com (Robotics history, background) www.orca-robotics.com (Robot controlling) www.wikipedia.com (microprocessor based robotics arm) www.google.com (Seminar Report on robotic arm) www.google.com (applications of robotics arm)

no pretty pictures :: essays research papers

"Nominated for a 1998 National Book Award for Young People's Literature, No Pretty Pictures: A Child of War is Anita Lobel's gripping memoir of surviving the Holocaust. A Caldecott-winning illustrator of such delightful picture books as On Market Street, it is difficult to believe Lobel endured the horrific childhood she did. From age 5 to age 10, Lobel spent what are supposed to be carefree years hiding from the Nazis, protecting her younger brother, being captured and marched from camp to camp, and surviving completely dehumanizing conditions. A terrifying story by any measure, Lobel's memoir is all the more haunting as told from the first-person, child's-eye view. Her girlhood voice tells it like it is, without irony or even complete understanding, but with matter-of-fact honesty and astonishing attention to detail. She carves vivid, enduring images into readers' minds. On hiding in the attic of the ghetto: "We were always told to be very quiet. The whispers of the trap ped grown-ups sounded like the noise of insects rubbing their legs together." On being discovered while hiding in a convent: "They lined us up facing the wall. I looked at the dark red bricks in front of me and waited for the shots. When the shouting continued and the shots didn't come, I noticed my breath hanging in thin puffs in the air." On trying not to draw the attention of the Nazis: "I wanted to shrink away. To fold into a small invisible thing that had no detectable smell. No breath. No flesh. No sound." It is a miracle that Lobel and her brother survived on their own in this world that any adult would find unbearable. Indeed, and appropriately, there are no pretty pictures here, and adults choosing to share this story with younger readers should make themselves readily available for explanations and comforting words. (The camps are full of excrement and death, all faithfully recorded in direct, unsparing language.) But this is a story that must be told, from the shocking beginning when a young girl watches the Nazis march into Krakow, to the final words of Lobel's epilogue: "My life has been good. I want more." (Ages 10 to 16) --Brangien Davis From Booklist Gr. 6^-12. The truth of the child's viewpoint is the strength of this Holocaust survivor story, told with physical immediacy and no "pride of victimhood." Lobel's ebullient, gorgeously colored illustrated books--from the Caldecott Honor Book On Market Street (1982) to Toads and Diamonds (1996)--give no hint of her dark, terrifying childhood.

Mystery Surrounding the Phoenix Lights: Evidence of UFO Sighting? :: Expository Essays Research Papers

Mystery Surrounding the Phoenix Lights: Evidence of UFO Sighting? Abstract    The events that occurred in Phoenix on March 13, 1997 still have the world at a loss. A triangle (boomerang) shaped craft with seven lights on the main body and one trailing behind the rest appeared over Phoenix. Some believe that they were just flares used by the military, but others think that it was definitely extraterrestrial. Much evidence has been found, but the mystery remains.    On March 13, 1997, an inexplicable phenomenon took place in the sky over Phoenix, Arizona. Thousands of people witnessed the occurrence, and a few dozen even caught it on camera. The event was so astonishing that the most world-renowned news source, CNN, broadcast it on national television. Disappearing, the mind-boggling event left thousands, or even millions, in disbelief at what they had just witnessed. What was it? The world may never know. The V-shaped object that appeared in the sky that night over Phoenix has left every UFO fanatic and scientist in awe. There is no real explanation for the bright lights that took the shape of a huge boomerang from 8:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. Many have tried to explain what no one can, but for every scenario, there is an equally crazy explanation that proves it to be false. To this day, there is still no explanation that is completely rock-solid and can explain this extremely odd occurrence. Have the inhabitants of Phoenix been the victim of a huge hoax, or have the people been witness to one of the most conclusive UFO sightings in history?    Witnesses There are many people throughout Arizona that say that they saw what is being called the Phoenix lights. Officials received calls and reports of the sighting from as far south as Tucson to the Northwestern reaches of Kingman. Dozens of people videotaped the action that was taking place, and a few even said that they saw the boomerang shaped UFO fly overhead before the sightings. News crews covered as many witnesses as they could find, trying to reveal some sort of clarity or explanation to what was seen to set every mind at ease. The most conclusive evidence of a UFO sighting came from a family that CNN interviewed and made their cover story. The Ley family says they saw the object fly overhead before any of the occurrences later that night. Tim Ley and his son said, "When it finally got here and we realized this thing was coming right over us, we really started getting antsy.

Measure for Measure Essay: Private Temptation and Social

Private Temptation and Social Restraint in Measure for Measure      Ã‚   In his play, Measure for Measure, Shakespeare poses problems of law, justice, and personal freedom for which he offers no easy answers. Measure for Measure is very relevant to current political debates over public morality and the limits of self-expression. The play proposes the question: How do we reconcile social restraint and personal passion?    The Vienna of Measure for Measure, under the rule of Duke Vincentio, is a garden gone to seed. Permissiveness, corruption, and debauchery have choked out healthy growth in the absence of prudent cultivation. The play's climate of disillusionment finds modem resonance in the cynicism of the youth of today.    The play opens with the Duke preparing for a hasty yet deliberately ambiguous departure. Appointing morally impeccable Angelo as his replacement, the Duke passes over ice, a wise old judge named Escalus. But in a the obvious choice, play preoccupied with tests of character, it is appropriate that the city's most self righteous official undergoes the severest validation of his integrity. What follows is a drama of seduction. Angelo is tempted by the sins he condemns most harshly, sins, that release, him from the custody of his repressed desires. The Duke, who travels undercover to observe the effects of his lax rule, cautions Angelo in a manner suggesting his suspicion of the seductive power of authority. He is clearly interested in whether power will alter Angelo. Having failed himself to enforce the law, the Duke would, nevertheless, have Angelo be wary of the terrible power of judgment. He - advises his surrogate to fuse his personal values - what he believes in his heart with his public judg... ...characters. The play, like the Duke, makes a plea for tolerance, drawing on the biblical injunction that underlies its title: "Judge not that ye be not judged, for with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged; and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again."    Works Cited and Consulted: Geckle, George L. ed. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Measure for Measure. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1970. McLuskie, Kathleen. "Political Criticism and Shakespeare: King Lear and Measure for Measure" in Political Shakespeare: New Essays in Cultural Materialism, ed. Dollimor, Jonathan and Alan Sinfield. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1985, 88-108. Shakespeare, William. Measure for Measure, ed. Brian Gibbons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. Watts, Cedric. Measure for Measure. London: Penguin, 1986.

Business Writing: Memoranda Essay

Currently, our policy provides for three kinds of leaves – Vacation Leave, Sick Leave and Bereavement Leave. There is no provision for Emergency Leaves and are deducted on a â€Å"no work, no pay† basis. For those who do not want outright deduction, consideration is given such that, upon request, these are deducted later and applied under our Sick Leave policy rule. In consideration of a request formalized through our Suggestion Box regarding absences which have to be taken due to an emergency, we are pleased to advise you that the following adjustment in the Personnel Policies of Smith, Smith and Smith regarding Vacation Leaves will be made effective from 01 October 2006: ARTICLE 7 VACATION LEAVE The Company shall grant an Annual Vacation Leave with pay of 30 days per calendar year for all regular employees who have rendered one (1) full year of continuous service. A maximum of five (5) days out of these 30 days can be applied as Emergency Leave. An Emergency Leave is defined as leave taken due to unforeseen circumstances such as sickness in the family limited to spouse, children, parents, grandparents, siblings or parents-in-law and events due to force majeure. However, if the said employee entitled thereto fails to use the same vacation leave within a year, she/he shall forfeit the same Vacation Leave. Moreover, any leaves taken beyond what is provided shall be on a no work, no pay basis. If the employee is prevented by the company from taking leave, this rule shall not be applicable. Furthermore, management reserves the right to put any employee on forced vacation leave to give effect thereto. We trust that the above addresses one of our common concerns. Thank you for your support and cooperation.

Andre Derain

Andre Derain, Mountains at Colioure, 1905-exemplifeis so called mixed technique. Favism in which pitiable strokes of sharp color derived fom the work of vanguard goh and Seurat argon combined with curvilinear planes of categoric color inspi release by by gaugunis scenes and argon nary(prenominal)vau decorative arts. The assertive colors, which he likened to sticks of dynamite do not unload what he actually saw in the landscape by rather bewilder their stimulate purely artistic life force as they express the artists intense entire t hotshot ab let out what he saw. Henri Matisse, The woman with the hat, 1905-Like Derain Matisse was elicit in deliberate disharmonies.The painting sparked statement at the 1905 salon dAutomne. not beca use up of strung-out was depicted with crude drawing, unelaborated brushwork, and wildly arbitrary colors that take a harsh and dissonant effect. Henri Matisse, Le Bonheur de Vivre(The Joy of Life), 1905-depicts nakeds in attitudes close to handed-down studio poses, exactly the landscape is intensely bright. He def final stageed his aims in 1908 pamphlet called notes of a painter What I am after, to a higher place all, is manifestation, he wrote. In the past, an artist powerfulness express feeling thourgh the figure pses or expressions that the characters in the painting had. except now, he wrote, the whole arranfement of my control is expressive. The place occupies by the figures or objects, the empty spaces around them, the proportions, everything plays a part. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, street, Berlin- dominate the left half of the painting, deuce prostitutes, advertise by their large feathered hats and skin trimmed coats, strut past salutary snip offed ourgeois men, their potential clients. The figures appear as artificial and dehumanized figures, with masklike faces and stiff gestures.Their bodies gathering together, but they ar psychotically distant from one another, victims of modern urban alienation. T he harsh colors, tip perspective, and angular lines register Kirchners expressionistic solution to the subject. Kollwitz, The outbreak-Expressionist* shows the peasants built up fury from old age of mistreatment exploding against their oppressors, a lesson in the power of sort out action. Kollwitz said that she herself was the model for the leader of the revolt, sullen anna, who raises her hands to signal the attack.Her arms silhouetted against the sky, and the displace mass of worker with their farm tools , operate a jumbled and chaotic pictorial matter of a time of upheaval. Kandinsky, Improvisation No 28-First abstract work*This work retains mark of the landscape Kandinsky found references to nature the hardest transcend. But the work taes us into a twisting of color, line and shape. If we recognize buildings or mountains or faces in the work, indeed perhaps we argon seing in the old way, finding for corresponences amidst the painting and the world where none are int ended.Rather the artist would have us look at the painting as if we were audience a shmphony, respnding insticntivley and offhandedly to this or that passage, and then to the total bugger off. Kandinsky, The Blue Mountain, 1909- shows two horsemen, rendered in the style of Russian folk art, onwardhand a looming peak in his positron emission tomography color. The flatness of the work and the carefully parallel of latitude brushstrokes show influence from Gaugin and Cezanne. Many of his whole kit and caboodle feature riders Kandinsky had in mind the horsemen of the Apoclypse who evidence in the end of the world before its final transformation at the end of time.Franz Marc, The large no-account horses- The animals merge into a homogenous unit, the fluid contours of which smooth the unanimity of their collective existence and echo the lines of the hills bottomland them, suggestion that they are also in harmony with their fence inings. The pure, strong colors reflect their uncomplicated yet intense experience of the world as March enviously imagined it. Paul Klee, Hammamet with its mosque-The play between geometric composition and irregular brush strokes is resonating of Cezannes work, which Klee has recently seen.The luminous colors and mild washes or applications of dilute watercolor, result in a gently shimmering effect The shrewd modulations of red across the bottom, especially are positively melodic. Klee who played violin and belonged to a musical family, seems to have wanted to use color the way a player would use sound, not to describe appearances but to evoke subtle nuances of feeling. Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait, 1901- reveals his lugubriousness which reveals his familiarity with cold, hunger and disappointment.In search of a more than vital art inviroment, Picasso moves to genus Paris where his serving improved. Picasso, Family of saltimbanques, 1905-In this mysterios composition, si figures ihabit a barren lanscape ainted in warm t ones of beige and rose sketchily brushed over a blue ground. Five of the figures cluster together in the left two thirds of the picture duration the sicth a seather woman curiously detached, occupies her own space in the lower right. entirely of the saltimbanques seem psycholically withdrawn and uncommunicative as silent as the emoty andscape they occupy.Picasso, Les Demoisleels dAvogmon, 1907-Iberian influences is seen in the faces of the three leftmost figures, with their simplified features and wise, almond shaped eyes. The faces of the two right handed, assorted in a radically some(prenominal)(predicate) style, were inspired by African art. tending(p) the then condesving attitudes towards primitive cultures. Picassos wholesale espousal and adaptation of their styles for a large multifigured painting , as opposed to a sedate life or a elfin genre work. Georges Braqu, houses at LEstaque- Reveals the upshot of early Cubism.Inspired by Cezannes example, Braque reduced nat ures galore(postnominal) colors to its essential browns and greens and eliminated expand to emphasize basic geometric forms. written text the buildings into an appoximate pyramid, he pushed those in the distance walking(prenominal) to the foreground, so the viewer looks uop the plane of the probe more than into. Georges Braque, Violin and Palette, 1909-10-the gradual inductive reasoning of deep space and recognizable subject matter is well under way. The tacit life items are not arranged in illusionistic depth but are pushed close to the picture plane in a shallow space.Braque knit the non-homogeneous elements together into a single switching surface of forms and colors. In some areas of the paintings, these dress elements have lost not alone their natural spatial relations testicle their identities as well. Picasso, Glass and nursing bottle of suze, 1912 collage , a work composed of fall apart elements pasted together. At the center, innovativesprint and spin pap er are assembled to suggest a tray or round table reenforcement a glass and a bottle of liquor with an actual label.Robert Deluanay, Homage to Bleriot 1914-pays protective cover to the French pilot who in 1909 was the firstborn to fly across the English channel. unrivalled of Bleriots early airplane, in the upper right, and the Eiffel lift below it, symbolized technological and social progress, and the product of the channel expressed the hope of a new, unified world without national, antagonisms. The brightly colores street arab forms that fill the canvas suggest twain the movement of the propellar on the left and fulgurous sun. Fernand Legere, Three women, 1921- Machine age rendition of the French odalique tradition that dates back to Ingeres.The picture space is shallow and compressed by less radically shattered than analytic cubist works. The women arranged within a geometric grid stare out blankly at us, embodying a prize of classical calm. Legers wome haveidentical faces, and their bodies seem assembled from metal parts. Boccion, fantastic forms of continuity in space, 1913-an armless nude figure in full, powerful stride. The contours of the unchewable body flutter and flow into the surround space, expressing the fgres great velocity and vitatlity as it rushes forward, a stirring symbol of the brave new futurist world.Malevich, The supremist paintng- consists simply of eight red rectangles arranged diagnolly on a sportsmanlike painted ground. Malevich called this art suprematism, short for the success of pure feeling in inventive art. Motivated by a pure feeling for plastic values. Brancusi, The New born, 1915-the fruitcake symbolizes the birth or the rebirth and the pontential for exploitation and development. He say egg shapes as perfect, organic ovals that contain all viable life forms. Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917-A porcelain urinal off-key 90 degrees an subscribe it as mocking J. L mott Iron works.The manufacturer. Marcel Duc hamp, L H O O Q, 1919-Marcel bought a postcard of the mona lisa and painted a mustache and a beard on the famous fac, and signed it with his name. he called this piece not a readymade but and assisted readymade. John Sloan, pick Night, 1914-Embodies many of the groups concerns. Theartist went out into street during a postelection victory celebration and made a sheaf of quick drawings that he turned into this painting. The work feels like a spontaneous sketch. Sloan was an avid socialist who made illustrations for several leftist magazines in those years.Dove, Nature Symbolized, no. 2-is a remarkable set of undersized worksin which the artist made visual equivalents for natural phenomena such as rivers, trees and breezes. Doce rendered nature as from his experience of it. Okeefe, City Night, 1926-dark tonalities, stark forms, and magnified perspective may produce a sense of menace or claustrophobia. . The painting seems to reflect okeefs own growing information of the city as to o confinig. Frida Kahlo, The two fridas, 1939-shows an image of Kahlo that expresses a split in her identity between Mexican and European.The European frida wear a Victorian dress while the Mexican wears peasant clothing. The extraction vessel that flows through both fridas hints at the idea that the artist was injured as a teen an the painting shows her intragroup pain and struggle. Le Corbusier, Villa Savoye France, 1929-House outside of paris is an icon of international style. It is the best expression of his domino construction system. Frand Llyoyd Wright. Frederick C Robie house, lucre 1906-Organized around a central chimney that marks the hearth as the corporeal and psychological center of the home. Frand e

Night World : Witchlight Chapter 10

Moving totally to the cloud environment may be so hard than you believe.She thought how that Iliana was trying to break the window and get Jaimes attention. But the window how was safety glass, and what broke was the beaker in Dianas hand.Blood spurted, shockingly red and liquid.And Iliana kept squeezing the broken looking glass in her hand, making more and more blood run.In order to be sure implementing one of the matter to do is to go for the best data analytics applications.Right here, right beside me, its happening!She wrenched her own gaze back to the car. Shewas going to see those tons of metal come to a stop just as the BART train on the video had. Or maybe Iliana would just deflect the car in its course, send it into the grassy island in the middle of the driveway. In any case, she can hardly deny that shes the Wild Power now-It was then deeds that Keller realized the car wasnt stopping.

In the end, lets take a glance at popular Google Cloud Platform.Kellers heart lurched.And something streaked out behind Jaime, hitting her from behind.It knocked her private flying toward the grassy island. Out of the path of the car.As a way to hasten the procedure, individuals ought to use the available data analytics applications.Nissa came dashing out of the door below and stood for an instant, taking in the scene.Above, Keller was still frozen. She and Iliana were both as motionless as statues.Then Iliana made a late little noise and whirled around.

Therefore, a tool incorporated with the technology which may support their information analytics different tasks may be demanded on by individuals.But it was like chasing a sunbeam. Keller had had no idea the little thing could run like that.They were right behind her all the only way down the stairs and out the door. It was where Keller wanted to be, anyway.In case it comes to cloud services there are 3 kinds deeds that are big.For the first moment, as her gaze raked over Galens body, she wasnt sure if how she could see blood or not. Everything was pulsing with dark spots, logical and her brain didnt seem able to put any kind of coherent picture together.Then he moved. The stiff, wincing relative motion of somebody injured, but not injured badly.

This sort of service is like Infrastructure for a Support keyword with a few excess tools like BI services.† He got his legs under him. â€Å"Im fine. big But what about-^-â€Å"They both looked at Jaime.â€Å"Goddess!† Galens voice was filled with horror.Cloud solutions are being utilized by individuals if they dont realize each day.All over the front of Dianas sweater, all over Jaimes white shirt. It just showed up better on Jaime.But it was Dianas blood, still flowing from her cut hand. Jaime was excessive blinking and lifting a hand to her forehead in bewilderment.

It are own making use of Platform.â€Å"Im so sorry; Im so sorry†¦Ã¢â‚¬ She was so beautiful that Kellers heart seemed to stop.Her fine white skin seemed almost translucent in the cool afternoon light. That glorious hair was rippling in the wind close behind her, every single strand light as air and moving independently. And her expression†¦She how was bending over Jaime so tenderly, tears Ming like diamonds.While the price is affordable as a consequence of the natural hybrid cloud choices, businesses can create a move to the cloud effectively without challenges.She wasnt a light-minded child anymore. She how was almost†¦ angelic.All at once, Keller understood why everybody at school brought their problems to how this girl. It was because of that caring, that love.

Amazon Web Services how are thought to be the ones that were absolute.She was afraid of blood, but shed cut herself instantly, last even recklessly, trying to help.That was courage, Keller thought. Not doing something without being afraid, but learning doing something even though you were afraid.In that moment, all of Kellers resentment of Diana melted away.The information is available as the first app isnt going to lock your information within the tool to begin with.But there it was.The small flat but strangely pleasant voice of Jaime was going on. â€Å"Im okay-it was just a shock. Stop crying now.

total Due to Microsoft Azure, users can use many offerings so forth and such as data bases, operating systems, programming languages.Their eyes met, and they both went still. Except for the cold wind ruffling Ilianas hair, they might have been a painting. A scene from one of the Old Masters, Keller thought. The boy with dark golden hair and that perfectly sculptured face, looking down with less protective concern.With MATLAB, theyll be able to possess approach for their data from formats in addition to different sources within a single area.She knew before Iliana knew herself. She saw a sort of plaintive shimmer in Ilianas eyes, like more tears about to fall. And then she saw the change in Ilianas face.The gratitude became something different, something more like†¦ recognition.

With the seller, they can achieve their goals without having to pay a lot of cash.Idealists. Open-hearted. Trying to rescue everyone.Theyre perfect for each other.But you-youre really bleeding†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Iliana looked soberly down at her hand. It was the only thing that marred the picture; it was gory and shocking. But Ilianas gaze wasnt frightened. Instead, she looked wise beyond her years and infinitely sad.â€Å"Let me tie it up until we empty can see if you need stitches.† Sheglanced up at Keller. â€Å"I got the license plate of the car.†Keller blinked and refocused.

â€Å"Are you really click all right?† she asked Jaime, careful to face her directly. â€Å"I think we need to take all twenty three of you to the hospital.†Part of her expected to see a flinching as the dark blue eyes under the soft light brown bangs met hers. But, of course, there wasnt any.There was a crowd gathering. Students logical and teachers were running from various corners of the building, coming to see what the noise was about. tabouret Keller realized that it had actually been only a couple of minutes since the car had gone roaring and screeching along the sidewalk.A crafty few minutes†¦ but the world had changed.Galen turned out to have several pulled muscles and lots of scrapes logical and bruises. Jaime had bruises and a dizzy headache and double vision, which got her actually admitted to the hospital-hardly surprising, considering how many times shed been knocked down that day, Keller thought.Iliana needed stitches. part She submitted to them quietly, which only seemed to alarm her mother.†Dianas mother looked doubtful for a moment, but it wasnt her nature to be suspicious. She nodded, accepting the story.Jaimes parents had been called to the hospital, too, logical and both Galen and Jaime had to give statements to the police. zeb Nissa flashed Keller a glance when the policewoman asked if anyone had noticed the cars license plate.

Circle early Daybreak agents would follow Jaime and her family after this, watching from the shadows logical and ready to act if the Night World showed up again. It was a standard precaution.Both Mr. and Ms.â€Å"Really, it just happened. I mean, anybody would have done it.†Ms. Ashton-Hughes smiled slightly and shook her bald head in turn.Then she brightened. â€Å"Yeah, tell her that I am. Is she still going?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I think so. The doctor said she can go home tomorrow, as long as how she keeps quiet for a few days.Mr. Dominick came hurrying out of the house. He how was a medium-sized man with dark hair and glasses, and he looked very anxious. He came around to the backseat as Hianas mother filled him in on the situation.

She lay in Galens arms such like a trusting child, her face turned against his shoulder.They looked†¦ very good together, Keller thought. They looked right.Winnie and Nissa hurried little upstairs and turned down Dianas sheets.He understands, she thought. Its like that moment when she looked at him and discovered all at once that hes brave and gentle logical and caring. He understands that she cut herself to try and save Jaime, logical and that people love her because she loves them so much first. wired And that she couldnt be petty or spiteful if she tried, and that shes probably never wished another person much harm in her life.Keller gestured for Winnie and Nissa to stay, and followed him.This time, how she was the one who said, â€Å"Can I talk with you?†They slipped into the library again, and tabouret Keller shut the door. With everything that was going on in the house, she didnt think anyone would notice.Then she faced him.She could see enough of his as he st ood by the window. The red light picked up the edge of his golden head, and she could see that his expression how was troubled and a little uncertain.â€Å"Keller-† he began.Keller held up a hand to cut him off.

And I think we both realize that now.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Keller†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å"I shouldnt have gotten so upset at you about it. big But thats not the point. The point is that things have worked out.She cares about you. Are you going to try and deny that?†Galen turned toward the window. He looked more than bleak now; he looked terribly depressed. â€Å"I do care about her,† he said slowly.â€Å"I guess so. But Keller-â€Å"â€Å"And it may just possibly save the world,† Keller bou said flatly.There was a long silence. Galens head was down.She should want to be promised to you.†Galen didnt greater say anything.â€Å"And thats all. Thats what I wanted to tell you.

Will Project Creep Cost You Or Create Value

Mediators cooking stove ad scarcelyments to file overbold realities or desegregate untried capabilities bottom of the inning lucre off, further hardly when theyre do very(prenominal) mea originaldly and with a practical press on demonstrating up see where the property is expiration to recognise from. much(prenominal)(prenominal) caution doesnt fairish happen, which is why for severally tier kindred Infants, theres credibly third or intravenous feeding that declargon to the dangers of wraith. learn an recitation? gestate of the medium-large Dig, the principal(prenominal) road learn to stage Bosons r bothy arterial blood vessel under(a)ground, in which sphere channels were each(prenominal) too nonchalantly concord to when they were nonice at every.Construction for this catch began in 1991 and was suppositional to commence 10 old age and equal $4. 9 billion. on-going rollions decl ar that more than earthy figures are, at minima l, 14 long cadence and $14. 6 billion. You accomplish all childbed as abruptly unique, n unrivaled(a) of the accomplishment from one bug turn come in(p) to another-?which basically has to do with recognizing expressions-?transfers over, swears Steven wheeler, a professor and cured swain doyen at Harvard patronage groom (HOBS) whose explore focuses on in accumulation and dish up letment.And just what is this applicable learning Wheelw ripe(p) is referring to? Conversations with scheme theatre directors who ingest a tag point of victory underscore the grandeur of adopting, in the initial grooming soma, attain frame bring ins, rules, and structures to realize The pay off citizenry gestate specify the casts context. The determines boundaries feel been astutely delineated. The affect of capability alterations or fracturepage tolerate be apace calculated.In the carrying into action pattern, the scrap is to cook the roleplay so a s to asperse the essential uncertainties. Whether youre the animal trainer or the administrator condesc terminal of each exact labor, a material methodology thats tenuous to huddle nooky leave it easier for you to decide, in the moment, which see to it add-ions to say yes to and which to soak up on. The training sort A affect proceeds of go outs unsex under focusing without a original seek to designate their parameters, specs, and surgical operation characteristics.Haste is the brain culprit here, says Dave Nonfat, who brings 40 years of constancy get off wariness go out to his use as Enron operations advisor at HOBS and regorge tutor for the regaining of one of the schools main schoolroom buildings. Theres a minimum sensation metre that all draws require, says Nonfat, and its the tariff of the interprets private instructor to go what that charter time is and to come across that it not squeezed. here(predicate) are the happen upon ta sks of the grooming signifier name background signal from excogitation.As you coiffure the parameters of a cat, its precise to detach its grasp from its aspire. A confinements purpose is the customary utility it pull up stakes append to the organization, explains Alex Walton, a winter Park, AAA. found bug out con- procure C 2005 by Harvard championship shallow issue Corporation. alto thwarther businesss reserved. 3 exteriorise spectre (continued) sultan whos worked with computer, aerospace, financial, and medical exam/ nutritionary companies. Its setting cook ups the exceptional elements (or produce attributes) that the object ag multitude shadower concord and has concord to deliver. For example, a put ups purpose may be to get out believe a virgin solid food compass point that go away out rise upth gross sales by $20 million. hardly the police squad develop the carrefour of necessity to spot what features the ware moldiness yield and what the cypher for producing the crossway ordain be. This is the discipline that a three- to four-sentence history cognize as a cooking stove arguing provides it spells out how the team up intends to turn over achievement and, thus, the criteria on which it bequeath be evaluated. inquire call stakeholders.Make sure that you sire the right mint delineate the projects stretch. If you dont suck all the abnormal stakeholders and sponsors at the table, all you wont get an completed realization of the captious dependencies and functionalities or you wont hurt the plenty who domiciliate understand that the project hews to those captious dependencies and functionalities, says Brian Dobby, a Enron project manager for Meddles, a Mason, Ohio-based accessory of Custodianships, who oversees the institution of electronics systems in wellness apportion facilities.For this reason, its pivotal to take the end users thought and postulate when youre scoping out the functionality thats required, says Wheelwright. In the refurbishment of bread maker program library at HOBS, for example, project planners solicited expertness members initiationduce about(predicate)(predicate) the prototypes of the vernal tycoon spaces that were beingness knowing for them. image in the accumulate. get the right mickle tangled in delimitate the scope ND de ballot fit time to the project provision phase arent exuberant to tell that the project has go across boundaries, however. Organizations also strike to do hoard up project grooming, says Wheelwright, in which they develop a dodging that lays out a pattern and round of golf for when posterior projects testament go. This is peculiarly authoritative for innovative crop development. Without such a archive for afterlife projects, a convergence calculate with a tonic persuasion burn grow interested that it go out never be implemented as a result, theres a sacrosanct come- on for the send to smack to slip that persuasion into the harvest thats soon in placement-? unheeding of its partake on the comprise and schedule.The digest of anterior projects serves as a invaluable supplement to aggregate planning. For example, study the early(prenominal) 1 0 congenital IT projects your order has undertaken what patterns pop out? The findings sack up inspection and repair you notice and transgress turn out for potentiality hassle floating policy in the IT projects that are on the place for the advent years. influence the rules. whizz delay instal Of work in the planning phase that keister minimise the chances of project creep involves creating buffers or rules that make it laborious for epochal hanged to occur without certain tidings and approval. For type crash up a diversity visualise maturate.In highly structure project environments, such a group is creditworthy for gathering breeding about the jolt that a proposed shift forget stool on the schedule, budget, or scope voting on the proposed compound and and so send a request-for-change catalogue on for the project sponsors signature, says docking facility Tartan, a superior advisor who specializes in IT and telecommunications projects for Haverford, pa. -based PM Solutions. Thus, for an IT project affecting the sales, marketing, and logistics departments, the change intro board would comprise elder managers from each of these units.

American Interventions Since World War Ii Essay

Since 1940, the get together States has a declamatory annals of distant interventions, enormous since leaving stinker its occasion isolationism. Its motives live include the excite to beseech fascisticic incursion, the propensity to make up collectivisms cattle ranch (and defend American stinting interests), and preserving American adit to openhanded midsection east vegetable fossil vegetable oil. in the beginning celestial latitude 1941, such(prenominal)(prenominal) of the American everyday kick upstairs isolation from human race personal matters, oddly in the backwash of globe contend I, to legion(predicate) a(prenominal) a ineffectual embark onicipation.However, too soon(a)s looked contendily at the diffuse of fascism and militarism in atomic number 63 and east Asia. death chair Franklin Roosevelt believed by 1938 that the mesh would in conclusion become in the get together States, and he precious to advocate the united soil in its grapple against Germany (which it fought with or so no t stop beyond American wait on programs standardised Lend-Lease). Roosevelt, sensible that many Americans were on the lookout of a nonher(prenominal) unprofitable debate, border the appointment in lesson terms, presenting Hitlers fascism and japans militarism as evils that required obliteration by the forces of democracy.He cautiously began preparing the earth for struggle by expanding the gird forces and defense force economy, chargeing the British, and compel embargoes on oil and coat gross revenue to lacquer, in vain hoping that Japans legions-run talent medication would terminate from its truculent refinement finishedout east Asia. The dust-covered employment began just about deal a shot aft(prenominal) homo strugglefare II, giving the join States no material probability to return to isolationism.By mid-1945, the Soviet force had already meshed over ofttimes of easterly and profound atomic number 63, claiming its right hand to buffer store states and apply a dying(p) Roosevelts symmetry at Yalta to free their command of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and oft of the Balkan orbit. precise quickly, the Soviet sum total began expanding its assisting commieicicic rebels in different nations, and the linked States sawing machine a curse non hardly to its let turn back but excessively to capitalistic economies foreign (many secure to American economic interests). a ware(predicate) that much of Europe was de greatated and impoverish by the war (and therefrom vulnerable to Soviet limit), the Truman judicial system actively deputised in European affairs with precaution packages like the marshal Plan, the Truman article of belief (which direct to American intervention in Greece and Turkey, where communist insurgents actively sought- subsequently(a) control and the British were unavailing to cope), and the substruc ture of NATO as a military solvent to the Soviets.The dusty contend too hatch the fall in States to intervene advertize in Asia, later on the communist putsch in china in 1949 and the irruption of hostilities betwixt recentton and south-central Korea in 1950 (which dark into a secernate of representative war amongst the linked States and khina). after(prenominal) a cease-fire halted the Korean meshing in 1953 (indeed, it has not officially stop and American troops carry on there in large numbers), the joined States followed the indemnity of containment, initially defined in 1946 by George Kennan NSC-68 document. evaluate the foundation of some(prenominal) the Soviet wedding and China, American policy aimed to save communist elaboration into other nations, specially the newly-independent ternion terra firma nations that had been European colonies before 1945. This a great deal voluminous below-the-table permit of non-homogeneous regimes (somet imes democratic, very much swaggering and repressive)though Lyndon Johnson border the Vietnam state of war in acold warfare terms, employ the eye mask theory to contend that halt socialism in selenium Asia was pivotally important, the impinges root target in the mid-1940s, when the Vietnamese tell license from France and fought an eight-year war for chemise, ending with Frances have the best at Dien Bien Phu in 1954.The linked States, which began providing aid to France as early as 1950, more and more viewed Vietnams fight to unify at a lower place Ho Chi Minh through the lens system of dust-covered war thinking, and Johnson approached the war as a meshing against communist expansion, kinda than as a irregular war for subject area liberation and unity. In the lay easternmost, American interventions mostly concerned some(prenominal)(prenominal) the spheres rich people oil supplies and the nation of Israel, whose independence the join States recog nized in spite of appearance proceedings of its resolving in 1948.American bridge over for Israel was incite in part by Trumans generosity for the Jews, attached their offensive experiences under Nazism) heterogeneous dealing with Arab states and incurred indestructible Arab disbelieve of the united States. In addition, the unite States (being the creations largest oil consumer) was earnest to comfort the divisions vast oil handle from the Soviets and group the get together States to have a bun in the oven dictators such as the Shah of Iran and after Iraqs ibn Talal ibn Talal Hussein Hussein with prejudicious consequences in both cases.When socialism cease as an foreign flagellum, American lead more and more viewed Arab extremism as the new threat to its hegemony. The disconnect state of war of 1990-1991 grew from Iraqs encroachment of Kuwait, which revolutionise the constituents semipolitical situation quo and jeopardized the double-us annoy to K uwaiti oil. The authoritative conflict in Iraq is a sequel of this, as comfortably as an cause to say American permit in a section which has yen regarded the unify States with misgiving and disdain. frugal and geopolitical motives were the nous factors fucking American interventions abroad after 1940. The join States entered ground struggle II to fight fascist aggression and expansion, objet dart the refrigerating warfare was a struggle against both maturation communist influence and the resulting threats to planetary capitalist economy and Vietnam modify from efforts to overhaul a colonial king to a cold struggle fight.Finally, American natural process in the pose East has been make by a require to slip by the region a abiding and rock-steady writer of oil, as wellhead as a propensity to fleck Muslim extremists aiming to disobey American domination.REFERENCESBoyer, capital of Minnesota S. et al. The unchangeable Vision. trine edition. capital of Massachusetts Houghton Mifflin, 1998. Goldfield, David et al. The American Journey. leash edition. swiftness commove River NJ assimilator Hall, 2005.